Notification system and method for media queue

ABSTRACT

A notification system method is disclosed for alerting subscribers to a status of their rental queues. The system includes a number of components that interoperate to improve a subscriber&#39;s experience, including an intelligent queue monitor which works on his/her behalf to ensure that an adequate and interesting list of titles are brought to the attention of subscribers.

RELATED APPLICATION DATA

The present application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of thepriority date of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/443,940 filed Jan.31, 2003, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to electronic commerce systems and methodsof monitoring purchase orders and/or rental selections made byconsumers, and providing automatic selections and notifications of newitems. The invention has particular applicability to applications inwhich entertainment media are rented on a temporary or short term basisby subscribers over the Internet.

BACKGROUND

The Internet is now being used for a number of commercial purposes,including purchase and rental of movie films in different media formats.One such popular website is maintained by Netflix®, where subscriberscan search, review and select movie tides (in DVD media format). If aparticular tide is available, the subscriber's choice is then placedinto a rental selection “queue.” During an interactive online session, asubscriber can select a number of tides, and then prioritize them in adesired order for shipment within the selection queue.

During this same sessions, the system can also make recommendations fortides to a user using a well-known recommender algorithm. Suchalgorithms are commonplace in a number of Internet commerceenvironments, including at Amazon, CDNOW, and Netflix to name a few.While the details of such algorithms are often proprietary, the lattertypically demographics, prior movie rentals, prior movie ratings, usernavigation statistics, comparison with other users, etc.

After the movie title selection session is over, the system proceeds toship the desired titles in the order requested by the subscriber. Theselections are mailed to the user in special packaging, which includereturn mailers pre-printed and adapted for such movie media. Thisminimizes the inconvenience to the subscriber, but there is anindeterminate processing and mailing delay therefore associated witheach selection. In most instances, a selection is mailed the same day,but even in such cases, there is typically a three day transactionperiod associated between the selection, processing, shipment, mailtransit and receipt of a particular title.

After shipment, these titles then appear in a list identifiedessentially as items that are outstanding (i.e., movies that have notyet been returned by the user) within a “titles out” queue. Under theNetflix terms of service, the system places a limit on the number ofoutstanding tides that a subscriber may have at any one time (typically,a function of the level of service agreement, with more $$/monthresulting in more titles). Thus, if the user selects more movies thanthey can acquire at one time, the remaining movie titles remain asun-shipped items in the rental selection queue. Additional titles in therental selection queue are only shipped to the user after the systemlogs a returned item from that same user. This happens automatically, sothe user does not need to return to the Netflix website to request theshipment.

A limitation of the aforementioned system is that while the systemautomatically ships the next items in the rental queue it fails tonotify the subscriber when the rental queue is empty, near-empty, orperhaps contains less desirable selections than those that the userwould otherwise select if they were aware of more recent availabletitles. This is undesirable because if the rental queue runs empty, theuser is not made aware of the fact that no additional tides areforthcoming. By the time the user discovers that no new titles are inthe rental queue, it is now no longer possible for the subscriber toreceive a new title any earlier than the minimum delay period notedabove (typically three days). This is clearly unattractive from thesubscriber's perspective, especially since the latter typically pay afixed fee per month for the benefits of the Netflix service. In otherwords, unless they constantly monitor their own rental queue to makesure it is stocked with selections for shipping, subscribers run therisk of being “title-less” for several days.

Aside from the lack of notification noted earlier, another limitation ofthe Netflix system is that it does not give subscribers any flexibledegree of control over their rental selection queue or shipments. Forexample, subscribers are not given an option of whether a particulartitle in the rental queue should be shipped; it is automaticallyshipped, even if they may have changed their minds.

In addition, there is no barter or exchange available within suchsystems for subscribers. For example, some subscribers may wish aparticular title, and others may have such title in a rental selectionqueue available for shipping. By permitting the subscribers to negotiatedirectly, demand could be satisfied through another dynamic. Similarly,there is no provision in such systems for identifying stock-outsituations for particular subscribers; i.e. situations where asubscriber has a long wait associated with every entry in their rentalqueue. In such cases, the subscriber's business can be lost, simplybecause he/she is not receiving even a single title for several days orweek. An automatic exchange system, therefore, is greatly needed in thisinstance, to reduce customer cancellations or defections.

Furthermore, subscribers cannot make optimal use of the recommendersystem employed in the Netflix system. In other words, while the latterprovides recommendations of titles to users while they are online duringa particular session, it does not perform any active monitoring of theirselections after such time to see if a new selection is now availablethat may be desirable for consideration in (or automatic insertion into)their rental selection queue. This further means that the Netflix systemdoes not provide any mechanism for monetizing such recommendations tosubscribers. Subscribers are not likely to object to a small surchargefor specific rentals that are achieved by virtue of the help of anautomatic queue monitoring/recommendation system, particularly when itwould mean that they did not have to constantly monitor and update theirrental queue.

Thus, from a fundamental perspective, the Netflix system (and otherprior art systems like it) do not permit any significant userinteraction, control or monitoring of selections presented in a rentalqueue. While the Netflix system has been operational for several years,the aforementioned limitations have not been appreciated or addressed,and thus remain a continuing problem. Accordingly, there is clearly along-felt need to remedy the deficiencies of such system, and othersystems which employ a type of “queue” for handling customerselections/shipments of products, including rental media.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention, therefore, is to overcome theaforementioned limitations of the prior art.

Another object is to implement an intelligent queue monitoring systemthat allows subscribers/purchasers to define policies and rules to beused in determining what actions should be taken with respect toparticular items in such queue, and at what times;

A further object is to provide a notification system that alerts andinforms subscribers/purchasers of the status of items in arental/purchase queue;

A related object is to provide a feedback system that allowssubscribers/purchasers to react and provide intelligent feedback inresponse to such notifications in a rental/purchase queue;

Still another object is to provide a recommender system that coordinateswith a queue monitoring system, so that the subscribers/purchasers canenjoy the benefits of such system even during periods when they are notactively engaged with an online rental/purchase system;

Yet another object is to provide a monitoring system that imposes anoptional surcharge to subscribers/purchasers when they avail themselvesof recommendations generated and by an online rental/purchase system.

A further object is to provide a system for encouraging subscribers togiven meaningful feedback to the quality of services provided byInternet based companies;

Another object is to provide an exchange system (and methods) to permitsubscribers to offer, bid, negotiate and swap titles (and access rights,capacity) directly, to improve overall customer satisfaction and respondto demand through another subscriber-based capacity tool;

A further object is to provide an automatic exchange system (andmethods) to identify situations in which it is beneficial to intervenedirectly and attempt to satisfy a subscriber's rental selection, such asby negotiating and swapping access rights to titles directly withinducements;

Still other objects are to provide associated related methods ofimplementing the aforementioned systems.

It will be understood from the Detailed Description that the inventionscan be implemented in a multitude of different embodiments. Furthermore,it will be readily appreciated by skilled artisans that such differentembodiments will likely include only one or more of the aforementionedobjects of the present inventions. Thus, the absence of one or more ofsuch characteristics in any particular embodiment should not beconstrued as limiting the scope of the present inventions. Whiledescribed in the context of a rental system, it will be apparent tothose skilled in the art that the present teachings could be used in anyInternet based rental or purchase system that employs a queue of someform.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an illustration of a queue status interface employed in thepresent invention that is adapted for assisting users/subscribers tomonitor the status of a rental queue;

FIG. 2 is an illustration of a queue control electronic interfaceemployed in the present invention that is adapted for assistingusers/subscribers to set up queue monitoring control parameters, queuenotification parameters, queue replenishment parameters and other queuecontrol options;

FIG. 3A depicts an embodiment of a first type of email notificationprovided to a subscriber in accordance with the teachings of the presentinvention;

FIG. 3B depicts an embodiment of a second type of email notificationprovided to a subscriber in accordance with the teachings of the presentinvention;

FIG. 3C depicts an embodiment of a typical email confirmation screenprovided to a subscriber in accordance with the teachings of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a preferred process employed in a preferredembodiment of a queue control system of the present invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates a preferred process utilized in a preferredembodiment of a subscriber queue control set up system of the presentinvention;

FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary process for generating a recommendationprofile for a subscriber suitable for use in the present invention;

FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment of a media distribution system thatdistributes media in accordance with the teachings of the presentinvention;

FIG. 8 illustrates a process employed in a subscriber based media titleexchange system in accordance with the teachings of the presentinvention;

FIG. 9 illustrates a process employed in an automatic media tideexchange system in accordance with the teachings of the presentinvention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Subscriber Queue Status Interface

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a queue status interface 100 employedin the present invention that is adapted for assisting users/subscribersto set up a queue monitoring system for monitoring the status of arental queue for renting/purchasing playable media items, and specificset up controls for such monitoring. While the present preferredembodiment is directed to a rental service for distributing DVD movietides, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, as usedherein, the term “media item” or “playable media item” is intended tohave its broadest meaning to include any machine readable media readable(including software programs) by a subscriber machine player (such as aDVD player, a computer, a video recorder/receiver, an audio CD ROMPlayer, and the like). Furthermore, other queable content/items that arenot machine readable could be distributed in this fashion as well,including human readable materials such as printed matter in the form ofbooks, magazines, and other general purpose items. Other useful articlescan be rented and distributed in accordance with the present teachingsas well.

During an interactive session with a subscriber over a network (such asthe Internet), queue status interface 100 is generated under control ofa media distribution system (such as an Internet Server maintained by amedia distribution provider as shown in FIG. 7) as a World Wide Web(WWW) web page and presented within a client device (i.e., some form ofcomputing system) within a browser software program. The details of suchservers, client devices, browsers, and WWW page codings are well known,and are not material to the present invention. Those skilled in the artwill appreciate that any number of combinations of such elements willinteroperate with the present invention.

As part of electronic interface 100, a number of viewable fields arepresented to a user by a WWW page for visualizing media distributioninformation, which, in a preferred embodiment, are movie tidesdistributed in a DVD format. These include, in this instance threeprimary areas:

-   -   a first display area 105 depicting status of a Tides Out Queue        106;    -   a second display area 111 depicting status of a Subscriber        Selection Queue 110;    -   a third display area 115 depicting what Queue Control Options        116 are in place;    -   an (optional) avatar FIG. 120 representing a “Queue Keeper”        character to assist subscribers;

Other aspects of a WWW page commonly associated with such types ofrental distribution systems (search engines, ads, administrativeoptions, links to other related pages of the site) are not shown in FIG.1 (or FIG. 2) so as to better emphasize the nature of the presentinvention. Thus, it will be understood, of course, that other items maybe present and displayed within such page(s), including other URL tags,Java applets, etc. along with header 125.

As is apparent, Titles Out Queue 106 identifies a first list of movietitles (AAA, BBB, CCC) that are designated with a first deploymentstatus, namely, that they are still “out”, to the subscriber in an outqueue. In other words, the subscriber still has these titles outstandingin his/her possession, or they are in transit (to or from thesubscriber). This display area is formatted essentially the same as aprior art system described earlier. As noted earlier, in a typical fixedprice rental service, the capacity of a Titles Out queue is typicallyfixed to some predetermined number, so that the subscriber cannot exceedthis limit without additional authorization.

Second display area 110 identifies a second list of movie titles (DDDthrough HHH) in a Subscriber Selection Queue 116 that have a seconddeployment status, namely, that they have been selected by thesubscriber but are still waiting to be distributed. Generally speakingthese titles are to be distributed to the subscriber when space is madeavailable in Titles Out queue 106 shown in first field 105—althoughother schemes are possible. Typically, in a prior art system, a movietitle (such as entry 111) is moved from Subscriber Selection Queue 110to the Titles Out Queue 106 when it is actually shipped (or otherwisedistributed) to the subscriber. This in turn happens in response to thefact that one of the movies from the Titles Out queue 106 list isreturned by the subscriber, or in some cases upon some other triggeringevent (such as the subscriber altering a subscription level). UnlikeTitles Out queue 106, Subscriber Selection Queue 110 is usually notfixed to some predetermined capacity (but it can be if desired).Accordingly, a subscriber can load as many of his his/her preferences inadvance as they desire.

In some instances a subscriber may in fact “overload” a SubscriberSelection Queue 116 because they have limited access opportunities tomonitor their selections, or they simply do not wish to constantlymonitor later for new selections that may be available. Nonetheless,this situation is not optimal, because subscribers are often forced toselect what can be described as essentially second rate (or even thirdrate selections) during a particular session/visit, simply because theydo not have time to visit the site at a later time to check for newreleases or other selections that may be more to their liking. Oneadvantage that can be realized in queue monitoring embodiments of thepresent invention is the fact that this requirement of overloading bythe subscriber (which takes time) is avoided because the systemautomatically ensures that his/her preference queue is never allowed tocompletely run “dry” so to speak.

As can be seen in second display area 111, Subscriber Selection Queue110 contains a number of rows which identify particular subscriberselections, and a number of columns which provide unique informationabout a particular selection. As an example, in row 112, a subscriberselection is associated with the following queue control information:(1) a selection priority indicator (a numerical ranking within the queueto indicate where the title ranks in sequence to be shipped); (2) aselection title (in this case DDD); (3) a selection availability (inthis case indicating that the title is available at this time); (4) anda selection type (in this case, the letter “P” indicating that thesubscriber personally selected the title). In contrast, for example, aselection 112′ indicates that the selection was automatically selectedfor the subscriber by the present system (by the letter “A”designation). In some embodiments, an additional designation (such asan * for example) can be used to designate those titles which have beenautomatically selected (or reserved) but not yet finally approved (orconfirmed) by the subscriber. Thus, this serves to designate a form oftentative selection.

Another characteristic of such systems is the fact that while a firsttitle may be prioritized by the subscriber higher than a second title inthe Subscriber Selection Queue 110, this does not mean that the firsttitle will be shipped first. This is because, in many cases, the systemsare configured so that if the first title is not yet available, the nexttitle after this is examined to see if it is available instead. Thus, ifpossible, the system attempts to ship “a” title to the subscriber. Alimitation of this, of course, is that the subscriber can sometimes beleft with only titles that are unavailable, or which have a long wait.In such instances, again, the subscriber is not satisfied, because thereis an inordinate amount of time between deliveries. The presentinvention can accommodate for such problematic scenarios, as well, bothby informing the subscriber of such scenarios, and by further takingproactive steps to remedy the logjam (as explained below in connectionwith the exchange mechanism).

It will be appreciated, of course, that this is merely exemplary mediaselection information, and other information could be provided on anas-needed or as-desired basis. Furthermore, it will be understood bythose skilled in the art that while movies are used as an example, otheritems can be easily incorporated within an electronic interface 100 ofthe present invention, and that the nature of the interface will ofcourse vary according to the type of media item presented.

Queue Control Options display area 115 is unique to the presentinvention. This field identifies a set of subscriber queue controloptions in place for a subscriber, as well as links to additionalfeatures by which the subscriber can add or modify such options. Thus,as shown, an exemplary set of subscriber queue control options 116indicate that the subscriber wishes that a queue monitor system monitorthe Subscriber Selection Queue 110 and with controls such that:

-   -   1. when his/her queue is completely empty (i.e., there are no        titles left in Subscriber Delivery Queue 116 to be moved to a        Titles Out Queue 106);    -   2. a notice will be sent indicating such fact, and a new title        will be automatically shipped (or distributed).    -   3. the selection of the title should be automatically        recommended by the service provider) based on prior ratings        provided by the subscriber for other films

Other options will be discussed below, and it will be understood thatthis is simply an example of the many different types of setups thatcould be used by a subscriber.

A queue control setup link 117 is provided (i.e., using a highlightedlink within the web page 100) to allow a subscriber to alter or modifysubscriber queue control options 116 through the use of an additionalweb page (shown below in FIG. 2). A legend area 118 provides a notice tothe subscriber that an additional (optional) fee may be charged forselections that are automatically shipped in this fashion.

Finally, an electronic avatar 120 is further provided to interact andassist the subscriber with features of the queue monitoring system ofthe present invention. Since some aspects of the invention may beforeign or unfamiliar to certain types of subscribers, it may bedesirable to include some human like interaction in such cases. In thisinstance, electronic avatar 120 is generally referred to and designatedas a “Queue keeper” to denote to subscribers that (as with a “zoo”keeper for example) another entity is attentive, responsive and mindfulof their preferences and desires as concerns movie selections, and isworking on their behalf behind the scenes so to speak to effectuatetheir wishes and desires. Avatar 120 can take on a variety of customizedappearance desired by the user in accordance with well-known techniques.In some incarnations avatar 120 can also provide visual feedback to auser by way of facial expressions (frowning, smiling, etc.) to respondto user input. The avatar can in turn communicate to a user both bytext, audio output, etc.

Again, other examples of the fields discussed above will be apparent toskilled artisans as simple design choices based on the particularcharacteristics of the display being used, and the type of media beingrented. Furthermore, to better illustrate the features of the presentinvention, other aspects of interface 100 have been omitted, and it willbe understood that such interface could include other options, features,entries, etc., that are not specifically shown. Finally, as will beapparent to skilled artisans, it is possible in home videorecorded/satellite receiver systems that interface 100 (and the otherinterfaces described herein) will be generated and driven by a menuprogram within such systems, and not by connection of a browser to a WWWpage per se.

Notification, Shipping and Recommendation Preference Setup

FIG. 2 illustrates a queue control electronic interface employed in thepresent invention that is adapted for assisting users/subscribers to setup queue monitoring control parameters, queue notification parameters,queue replenishment parameters and other queue control options. It willbe understood, of course, that many of these display areas/fields couldbe integrated as desired into queue status interface 100 as well ifdesired.

As can be seen herein, a queue monitoring system can be configured to beextremely active, mostly passive, or something in between, all thesubscriber's control. Furthermore, all or most of theseservices/features can be monetized if desired by a service provider toenhance profitability as well as customer satisfaction.

Accordingly, a first preference display area 210 provides a shortdescription of the reasons and functions associated with the queuemonitoring system to interested subscribers. A preliminary question isposed to the subscriber, such as, for example, whether they want toemploy the benefits of auto queue monitoring, auto notifications, autorecommendations, auto shipments, etc. At this point, if the subscriberwishes to simply elect certain default values (shown in shaded form inthe interface) he/she simply selects a FINISHED field 295, and thechoices indicated by such shadings would then be stored for suchsubscriber. If the user prefers not to use a queue monitoring logicfeature, they can depress the CANCEL field 296 and return to the priorinterface.

Alternatively, assuming that the subscriber wishes to select their owncustomized controls, they then interact with and select from a number ofselection areas within interface 200. The nature of the questions andselections posed in such interface areas is preferably designed to alloweven less experienced computer users to glean the meaning of the optionspresented.

In some instances, as suggested earlier, the service provider may wantto charge a monthly fee for such monitoring services, as well asadditional fees for each title that is reserved or shipped. In otherinstances, a service provider may provide the monitoring service free ofcharge (or particular selections free of charge) based on a subscriber'sservice level, and/or maintaining a level of average turn-around timethat is below a certain threshold. In other words, if a subscriberroutinely receives and returns titles within a few days, this practicehelps in managing inventory and in spreading out/satisfying demand formedia inventory, particularly popular titles. Thus, in contrast to manybrick and mortar enterprises which punish late rentals withpenalties/fees, the present invention in fact attempts to reward earlyrental returns with various incentives. Accordingly as this type ofbehavior can be rewarded, including through non-monetary considerationssuch as the services described herein, this further enhances theuseability and marketability of a service provider system configured asdescribed herein.

Thus in a second preference display area 220, a so-called queue triggerthreshold question is first posed to the subscriber. In other words,“when” should the queue monitoring logic review Subscriber SelectionQueue 110? As seen in this area of interface 200, the subscriber isgiven four threshold options, including generally the following: (1)when the Subscriber Selection Queue, 110 becomes completely empty (i.e.,as a result of moving the last selection into Titles Out Queue 106); (2)when the number of remaining titles in Subscriber Selection Queue 110falls below a certain number (selectable by the user) of movies left;(3) when a desirable selection is available at the service provider (asdetermined by certain auto-recommend logic described herein); (4) atcertain predetermined (selectable by the user) time intervals—i.e.,every day, every week, etc. Some of these options are not mutuallyexclusive, and, therefore they can be selected in tandem of course.Other options may be employed, as well, depending on the nature of themedia, subscriber preferences, etc.

Threshold Option #1 (default) of course is the least “proactive” ofcourse, but still serves to accomplish the goal of reducing the chancesthat the Subscriber Selection Queue 110 will become completely empty. Insome instances it may be desirable to incorporate a “swap” feature, forexample, that operates as a last minute check. Thus, when the systemdetects that the last selection to be moved into Titles Out Queue 106 isless desirable than another selection that is available, the user canopt for the better selection to be shipped instead (eitherautomatically, or through an email confirmation), thus avoiding a wastedshipment, wasted time, etc. In another variation the user can also setup a limited response period (i.e., 1 day) so that if he/she does notreply favorably to the new choice, the original choice is shipped asplanned to avoid delays.

Threshold Option #2 gives additional flexibility for a variety ofreasons. First, if there are lesser desirable selections remaining,these can be supplemented by (or even swapped out for) better selectionsbefore the former are actually moved into Titles Out Queue 106 forshipment. Furthermore, in some instances it may be desirable for thesystem to compare user selections (which may be identified in a queuewith a high priority) against automatically recommended selections(which may be identified with a lower priority but predicted to be more“desirable” to the subscriber) to see if the latter should “bump” theformer in shipping priority. Again, this serves to improve the overalluser experience by ensuring that better quality selections are actuallyshipped and received.

Threshold Option #3 is useful for ensuring that the Subscriber SelectionQueue 110 is continually updated with better or fresher selections tosupplement those that might be present in the queue. For example, if anew release comes out that is likely to be of interest, the user is notrequired to physically log on to the site, look for, review or study theparticular selection. Instead, the system automatically determines thisfor the subscriber, and adds the same to his/her Subscriber SelectionQueue 110. In some instances, an additional control could be added tomake sure that these types of selections are merely designated as“tentative” until the subscriber accepts them into his/her selectionqueue. Again, since this feature acts as a form of “reserve” it ispossible that the service provider could associate a fee for suchpreferential treatment. Furthermore it may be desirable to automaticallymove such popular selections into the Titles Out Queue 106 to ensurethat they are quickly received, seen and returned by the subscriber foruse by other subscribers.

Threshold Option #4 replaces the typical user experience of logging onevery day, week, month, etc., to check for tides, and is useful as anadditional check for the subscriber to make sure that any interestingselections have been considered. Again, in some instances, andparticularly where third party monitoring services are used, a nominalfee could be associated with “checking” the Subscriber Selection Queue110.

A third preference display area 230 is used to specify options for“what” the system should do when the so-called triggering threshold ismet. Again, these notification selections can vary from very simpledirectives, to very detailed instructions, and it will be understoodthat what is shown in FIG. 2 is merely exemplary of what can beprovided.

Notification Option #1 indicates that only a notification should be sentto the subscriber when the triggering threshold is reached. Preferablythis information is sent electronically to ensure expedient receipt bythe subscriber. For instance, a simple e-mail, text message or instantmessage could be used. In other instances a hard-copy regular mailnotice could be sent as well. The content/substance of a preferrednotification is discussed below in connection with FIG. 3A.

Notification Option #2 indicates that a notification should be sent tothe subscriber when the triggering threshold is reached, and that anadditional media tide should be automatically selected (and if necessaryshipped), without further prompting or feedback from the subscriber.This option may be desirable by some types of subscribers who do notwish to be bothered with the task of selecting tides. An additionalreminder field can be associated with this option, so the subscriber canindicate how often he/she should receive notices. This is useful so thatif the Subscriber Selection Queue 110 is not replenished within acertain time frame, the subscriber can receive another notice.

In response to the subscriber selecting Notification Option #3, thesystem will skip any official notification to the subscriber, and simplyselect a new tide to be inserted into Subscriber Selection Queue 110 orTides Out Queue 106. Again, this option may be of interest to certainsubscribers who prefer not to receive additional emails.

Notification Option #4 gives the subscriber more control, in that anotification is sent, but it specifically directs the system NOT toactually move a tide into Subscriber Selection Queue 110 (or Tides OutQueue 106 as the case may be) until an actual or “constructive”confirmation is obtained. An actual confirmation would require, forexample, that the subscriber either visit the site to remove a tentativedesignation, confirm the shipment in a later e-mail, etc. A constructiveconfirmation can be based on time, for example, so that the system willautomatically remove any tentative designation (if such exists) and moveor ship the tide within a predetermined (controlled by the user) numberof days.

A fourth preference display area 240 is used to specify options for“how” the system should replenish or supplement the Subscriber SelectionQueue 110. Again, these replenishment/addition options can varysignificantly according to the type of media, other system features,etc., and it will be understood that what is shown in FIG. 2 is merelyexemplary of what can be provided.

In the present invention, the service provider preferably automaticallyrecommends a tide to be included in Subscriber Selection Queue 110/TidesOut Queue 106. A variety of artificial intelligence, or preferencedetermination systems are known in the art for predicting preferences ofindividuals. These systems work based on such simple factors asdemographics, prior selections, expressed preferences, questionnaires,etc.

In the present system, an auto-recommend feature can be based, forexample, on prior ratings given by a subscriber to certain movies whichhe/she has seen, and/or just based on the identity if all prior rentals.In this instance, the system uses prior ratings by default, as thesetend to more accurately reflect a particular individual's tastes.However, the invention is by no means limited to any particularmechanism, and it will be understood that any suitable system can beemployed for this purpose. The only criterion, of course, is thatrecommender should work in the background, seamlessly and withoutextensive burdensome participation by the subscriber so that the queueis automatically replenished.

Additional replenishment options are based on various categories ofselections available at the media service provider. Thus, a subscribercan ask that any automatic selection be restricted to one or more,particular categories, such as a New Release, a particular genre, aparticular collection, from the top 100 most popular choices, from aCritic's choice selection, etc. Again, additional fees may be identifiedand collected for New Releases or other categories of tides. Otherexamples will be apparent.

Finally, a fifth preference display area 250 provides additional levelsof queue management control. For example, in response to a QueueManagement Option #1, a subscriber can elect to have any newautomatically selected tide “bump” the next to be shipped item in theSubscriber Selection Queue 110. In some instances, additionalsub-control features can be employed so that the new automaticallyselected item “always” bumps such existing queue item, or only does sowhen it is of a higher preference for the particular user. Again, thistype of feature can be used to further improve the overall experience bythe subscriber, who is then ensured to receive media that is moretailored to their particular tastes. Alternatively, a Queue ManagementOption #2 can be selected, in which case the auto recommended title issimply placed in the order in Subscriber Selection Queue 110 behind anyother existing entries. In such instance, the item will be shippedautomatically after the other entries are shipped, unless the subscriberspecifically vetoes such selection either during a notification process,or manually later by visiting the site on his/her own.

In yet another (optional) Queue Management Option #3, a subscriber canelect to have entries moved into Subscriber Selection Queue 110 andsimply designated as tentative. In such cases, these types of titles areNOT automatically shipped unless the subscriber specifically requestssuch action at a later time. Thus, any such entries can essentiallyfloat in the queue until they are given a non-tentative status. Thisallows for subscribers to further designate a class of selections forwhich they are not entirely sure that they want shipped, but which canwait in abeyance in the queue until they are confirmed. Again, to ensurethat subscribers make fair use of such system, it may be desirable tocharge a fee for any title that is reserved in this fashion, and even ifit is not actually shipped.

As a final note, it will be understood by those skilled in the art thatat least some of the options presented in the Threshold, Notification,Replenishment and Management are related to each other, and thatadditional selection logic would be employed to make sure that thesubscriber elects options in such areas that are consistent with eachother. Thus, for example, if the subscriber selects Notification Option#3 (autoship without notice) they will NOT be presented with QueueManagement Option #3, to avoid a conflict in the management logic. Toavoid such possibilities, the system can selectively enable and disableoptions between display areas based on the user's selections. Otherexamples will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

The final fields in interface 200 represent standard FINISHED 270 andCANCEL 271 operations. If the user is done providing his/herpreferences, the FINISHED field 270 is activated, the preference data issaved, and the user is taken back to Interface 100. If the user merelyselects CANCEL 271, no changes are saved.

Again, it will be understood from the present description thatpreference interface 200 shown in FIG. 2 is merely exemplary, and thatany particular commercial implementation is likely to deviate from thesame. Furthermore, it is not necessary to include all the optionsindicated, and other options could be substituted in lieu of the same.Accordingly, the final look of any interface is expected to be a matterof routine design skill based on particular needs of a particular mediaservice provider and their respective subscribers.

Electronic Notification, Confirmations & Feedback

An exemplary notification message 300 in accordance with the presentteachings is shown in FIG. 3A. As noted earlier, this message ispreferably an email based text/graphics message with embedded links thatcan be clicked through by a recipient. For example, as seen in FIG. 3A,a notification message header 310 contains basic identifyinginformation, including a sender field, recipient field, and a bylinefield. An optional graphical character can be included to associatemessage 300 with a queue keeper.

A first message notice field 320 includes information pertaining to abasic notice that would be elected pursuant to Notice Option #1 or #2above. This would also be sent after a period of time that exceeds asubscriber default confirmation time as provided in Notice Option #3above. Again, the description provided in FIG. 3A is merely exemplary,and any suitable form can be used for the notice. An additional optionalclickably URL could be embedded in the message to permit the subscriberto see the status of their particular Subscriber Selection Queue 110. Afurther optional field could identify, by title, an additional selectionalready pre-selected for the subscriber to consider for inclusion intheir Subscriber Selection Queue 110 when he/she visits the mediaservice provider site.

In the event the subscriber has elected some kind of auto-ship featureas well from the configuration options above, the message 300 caninclude an additional second message ship field 330. This field providesdetails on the title of the automatically selected item for thesubscriber, and an approximate shipping date for the same. Again,optional clickable URLs are embedded in the message to permit thesubscriber to see more information about the item in question.

An additional feedback link field 335 causes an additional feedbackwindow to open for the subscriber to provide his/her feedback on thequality of the selection made by the queue monitoring logic. This can beimplemented in any conventional fashion, using numerical rankings,sliders, etc. The feedback data can be tabulated to monitor theperformance of the queue monitoring logic, to compile user preferences,etc.

A confirmation field 340 provides an opportunity for a subscriber toopt-out of receiving the preselected item. A clickable URL link is thusprovided for the user to change or cancel the particular selection.

FIG. 3B illustrates yet another example of a confirmation-request typenotice 300 which may be sent in accordance with selecting notificationoption #3 above. In this type of notice, a user is informed of the factthat a queue monitoring system has identified a title that he/she may beinterested in, and a specific request for feedback is made to confirmacceptability of the choice. Thus, in the body of such message, asubscriber is given essentially the same information as for the messageof FIG. 3A, except that a click through to a specific URL is made tocause the subscriber to interact with an interface shown in FIG. 3C. Asshown in FIG. 3C, a subscriber can then elect to have the item shipped,not shipped, or even have the tide modified for another selection.Again, an optional ratings field can then be employed to solicitfeedback on the performance of the system for monitoring purposes, forupdating a subscriber profile, for use by a recommender system, etc.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above aremerely examples of a type of notification that can be sent tosubscribers. The precise format, wording and style will be a matter ofdesign choice for any particular application, and the invention is notlimited by the same. Again, the primary advantage of the presentinvention lies in the fact that, unlike the prior art systems, asubscriber is notified of the deficiency in his/her selection queue, andis thus given an opportunity to address the same in a prompt fashion.

Furthermore, an ancillary benefit to the service provider is that theycan determine, from available inventory, particular titles which may beof interest to subscribers, and ship them as a way of “filling”subscriber queues in advance. This can be done, again, byauto-recommender systems, such as by the Cinematch system employed byNetflix, or other comparable system. In other words, every titlepreemptively shipped by the service provider acts to supplant asubscriber choice that may be harder to satisfy (i.e., because thedesired title is scarce). For example, if the service determines that acustomer is highly likely to enjoy title A, if the subscriber agrees toselect title A, and if the title is shipped to the subscriber, thisfills an available spot in the Titles Out Queue 106 and reduces theexpectation/opportunity by the subscriber of receiving another(potentially more popular) tide. This further frees up an opportunityfor the service provider to ship the more popular title to anothersubscriber, thus giving more flexibility in responding to demand.Furthermore, a service provider can determine which titles have a higherprofit margin (i.e., lower sharing expenses with distributors, studios,etc.) and control the distribution of tides more closely usingcost/profit as an additional factor as well.

Finally, it should be noted that this type of proactive inventorymanagement helps to expand the reach and desirability of the system toother types of would-be renters, including persons who are too busy,lazy, or unable to determine appropriate choices on their own. Moreover,since some renters are impulsive, they can be presented automaticallywith tide choices to increase their participation rates as well.

In other circumstances, a notice can be sent automatically to thosesubscribers (i.e., without a setup process by a subscriber) upondetermining that their rental selection queue only contains tides thatare unavailable (or subject to a long wait). In those instances, again,it is preferable to alert a subscriber to such fact before an undueamount of time passes, and so the subscriber (and/or the system) cantake some form of corrective action.

Of course, from a customer satisfaction perspective it makes no sense tosend a title that is likely to be undesirable to a subscriber, so it isimperative to select good alternative choices, and this practice must betempered to some extent. Furthermore, it may be desirable, in someinstances, to not impose a fee for an automatic recommendation if thetide in question is not particularly popular, or based on thesubscriber's status (i.e., if he/she is a preferred customer, has acertain subscription level, etc.) Nonetheless, it should be apparentthat the monitoring logic of the present invention can operate to spreadout demand for popular tides, while achieving a greater degree ofcustomer satisfaction, and increasing reach of the service provider toother audiences.

Operation of the Preferred Embodiment

A preferred Auto-Notify/Auto-Ship process 400 used by a mediadistribution system with intelligent queue monitoring configured inaccordance with the present inventions is illustrated in FIG. 4. Again,as noted herein, such process is expected to be embodied in a variety ofsoftware programs, routines, etc., that run on one more servers coupledto the Internet. In other embodiments these programs and routines willrun directly on a computing machine at the subscriber's premises, suchas a digital video recorder, receiver, etc.

As a first step, a subscriber configures his/her preferences as noted instep 405, including the various options noted above in connection withFIG. 2. In the event that a ratings survey is determined at step 410 tobe necessary from the subscriber (i.e., there is insufficientinformation for a recommender system to generate a meaningfulrecommendation for a tide) this is effectuated at steps 415 (presentratings schedule) and 420 (tabulate profile) at which time a preliminarypreference profile is created and maintained thereafter for theparticular subscriber. As noted below, recommender systems arewell-known in the art, and the present invention can thus be used withany number of suitable implementations. The present invention enhancesthe value of such recommender systems, in fact, by more proactively“pushing” valuable, interesting and high profit margin titles tosubscribers in an optimal location along the distribution chain.Furthermore, in some implementations a recommender system can furtherconsider a tide popularity, a subscriber status, a subscriberturn-around time for tides, etc., before finalizing a particular choice,to ensure that a tide is appropriate and/or cost-effective for aparticular subscriber. As an example, a very popular new release may berecommended only to certain kinds of subscribers who routinely returntides quickly.

After such initialization steps, a queue monitoring procedure isperformed in a loop-like fashion at step 410, again, in accordance withthe directives selected by the subscriber, and/or in conduction withother instructions from a service provider. If no triggering event isdetected at step 430, the system returns back to a monitoring mode.

When a triggering event is detected, the system then generates anauto-recommended tide at step 435 for the particular subscriber usingthe subscriber's preference profile. A preliminary preference profile isobtained as noted above, and is supplemented later, of course, withadditional feedback from the user and observation of user selections. Anumber of conventional and customized programs can be configured forperforming this type of task; for example, Netflix uses a systemidentified as Cinematch for such purpose. Other alternatives are ofcourse acceptable, and could be used with the present system to ensure atide that is likely to be of interest to the subscriber. Again, in someembodiments, the system may merely alert the subscriber to the queuedeficiency without generating a recommendation, or, at least, the latteroperation may be performed after such alert.

At step 440, a determination is made to see if the subscriber issupposed to receive a notice or not. Again, in some instances, forsimplicity, a subscriber may opt out of further notifications and simplyelect to receive the recommended title.

In such case, as noted at step 445, the Subscriber Selection Queue 110is updated, or, if necessary, at step 450, the Titles Out Queue 106 aswell (in the event the subscriber's queue was completely empty and thetitle should be shipped). The title is then shipped to the subscriber ina conventional fashion as practiced in the prior art. Again, as notedabove, in some instances a nominal fee can be associated with suchactivities to reflect the benefits conferred on the subscriber. Finally,in some instances, it is possible that before moving the title to aTitles Out Queue, the subscribe may elect to barter and/or exchange thetitle with another subscriber in return for additional inducements orconsideration.

At step 455, if the subscriber has elected to receive a notification,the substance of a message (such as illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B) isprepared. The auto-notification message is then sent, (preferably)electronically, at step 460, using any conventional delivery mechanism,such as email, text message, wireless alert, etc.

At step 465, if the notification consists solely of a notice (pursuantto the subscriber's request) the process branches to step 495, where anotation is made for the subscriber's profile that the subscriber wasindeed notified. Control then returns to the queue monitor step 410; asnoted earlier, a notice can be re-sent if the subscriber has electedsuch option.

At step 470, if the notification does not require an affirmative replyconfirmation, then the subscriber's preferences are examined to see ifhe/she has elected for a predetermined delay period at step 475. Inother words, this procedure determines if the subscriber has asked for aconstructive confirmation option in the form of a certain number ofdays. If the answer is no, the process proceeds to step 445 andcontinues as noted above. If the answer is yes, then a delay period isintroduced at step 480 equal to the subscriber's request, and thereafterthe process picks up step 445 as before.

In the event the user has opted for an actual confirmation (as opposedto a constructive confirmation) the process then moves to step 485. Atthis point, the system determines whether it has received actualconfirmation, or if the user has canceled or modified the selection. Ifyes, the system shifts to step 445 as noted earlier. If no, the systemupdates the subscriber profile to indicate that a notice was sent, andinitiates a re-notification process 490 to be executed at a later timeto remind the subscriber if need be.

At this point, a designation (such as an *) can be made to theparticular title as it is sitting in the Subscriber Selection Queue 110,so that if the subscriber logs on to view his/her account, they willunderstand immediately that the automatically selected title is merelytentative. In a preferred approach the subscriber can elect to removethe designation directly at the service provider website throughinterface 100, rather than wait for another emailnotification/confirmation.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above ismerely an example of an auto-notify/auto-ship process for a mediadistribution system, and that countless variations on the above can beimplemented in accordance with the present teachings. A number of otherconventional steps that would be included in a commercial applicationhave been omitted, as well, to better emphasize the present teachings.

In addition, the present invention could be extended to performadditional administrative functions as well, such as determining optimalservice plans for subscribers. By monitoring the levels of subscriberqueues, and the frequency at which they are replenished by subscribers,the system can provide recommendations to subscribers on an optimalservice plan. For example, for full-service subscribers who rarely checkout mote than 1 title at a time, a notification (email) could be sent tosuggest that they alter their service plan to a lesser service.Similarly, for lower service subscribers who appear to have largenumbers of titles in their Subscriber Selection Queue, a notificationcould be sent to suggest that they upgrade their service. Other exampleswill be apparent to those skilled in the art. This type of feature willfurther allow a service provider to determine an appropriate serviceplan for each subscriber, and thus improve overall customer retentionrates.

Subscriber Preference Procedure

A preferred subscriber preference setup process 500 used by a mediadistribution system with intelligent queue monitoring configured inaccordance with the present inventions is illustrated in FIG. 5. Again,as noted herein, such process is expected to be embodied in a variety ofsoftware programs, routines, etc., that execute within a conventionaluser browser program.

Thus, as seen in FIG. 5, a subscriber enables an Auto-Notify/Auto-Shipprocess at step 510. Thereafter, the subscriber either elects a numberof default values, or begins the process of configuring particularparameters to be used in a queue monitoring system. For example, at step520, the “trigger events” are provided by the subscriber, to identifywhen the monitoring logic should examine the subscriber's selectionqueue. At step 530, the subscriber identifies what type of movie (orother media format) he/she wants to be considered for anauto-recommendation system. At step 540, the subscriber identifiesspecifically what type of policies/rules should be employed—i.e., whatnotice and action should be sent to him/her, including the NotificationOptions described earlier. Finally, at step 550, any other additionalmanagement options (such as a sequence for placement of automaticallyselected features) are provided.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above ismerely an example of an auto-notify/auto-ship configuration process fora media distribution system, and that countless variations on the abovecan be implemented in accordance with the present teachings. A number ofother conventional steps that would be included in a commercialapplication have been omitted, as well, to better emphasize the presentteachings.

Subscriber Profiling Procedure

A preferred subscriber profiling process 600 used by a mediadistribution system with intelligent queue monitoring configured inaccordance with the present inventions is illustrated in FIG. 6. Again,as noted herein, such process is expected to be embodied in a variety ofsoftware programs, routines, etc., that execute within a conventionaluser browser program.

As seen in FIG. 6, a subscriber is presented with a movie “survey”application, to collect data on a subscriber's tastes in movies. Thus,at step 610 an interface showing one or more movie tides, and an entryfield for the subscriber to provide a rating is provided. The movietitles can be selected for presentation based on an evaluation by thesystem of movies most likely to have been by the subscriber, movies thatare rated most popular by other subscribers, movies that have beendetermined to provide the best discrimination in tastes betweensubscribers, etc. Again, the particular logic used to provide the samplelist will be a function of the particular recommender system employed.Additional fields for providing short summaries of the movies could beprovided as well. The movies could appear in a list, a table, or as asequence of separate pages. The precise format of the interface isunimportant, of course, and could be implemented in a variety of waysknown in the art.

At step 620, the ratings are captured for the movies presented. Again,it is expected that the subscriber may not provide sufficientinformation on enough movies to form an intelligent profile, and, if so,the process would branch at step 630 to prompt for more information. Inthe event the subscriber does provide sufficient profiling data, apreliminary subscriber preference profile is generated at step 640. Thispreliminary subscriber preference profile is changed or supplementedlater, of course, in response to additional feedback from the user andas interpreted by a recommender system (not shown).

As before it will be understood by those skilled in the art that theabove is merely an example of a subscriber profile capture process for amedia distribution system, and that countless variations on the abovecan be implemented in accordance with the present teachings. A number ofother conventional steps that would be included in a commercialapplication have been omitted, as well, to better emphasize the presentteachings.

Furthermore, in some instances, a preliminary subscriber preferenceprofile might be generated simply based on demographics informationpresented by the subscriber, or some other data presented by thesubscriber, without the use of a formal survey. In other instances thepreferences data can be set to some default value based on averagesubscriber behavior, thus obviating the need for any formal datacollection process. Again, the precise mechanism by which a profile isobtained is irrelevant, so long as a recommender system is able to makean intelligent prediction on a likely tide choice of interest to thesubscriber.

Structure of the Preferred Embodiment

A preferred embodiment of a media distribution system 700 withintelligent queue monitoring that is constructed in accordance with thepresent inventions is illustrated in FIG. 7. The system is composed ofseveral components including a Network 702, through which a number ofseparate Network Connections 704 are provided to a Service ProviderServer Device 720 by a plurality of Customer Network Devices 712. Itwill be understood by those skilled in the art that other components maybe connected to Network 102, and that not all connections shown need tobe active at all times. There are also several software componentsassociated with the aforementioned network-connected devices, includingan Item Search/Selection Module 721, a Media Processing/Shipping Module722, and a Subscriber Delivery Queue Module 723, a Recommender Module724, and a Subscriber Profile Module 725. These software components areessentially the same as those found in a prior art system, except theymay be modified appropriately to cooperate with the new softwarecomponents of the present invention, including an Intelligent QueueMonitor module 726, a Subscriber Queue Control Module 727, a QueueStatus Notification Module 728 and a Feedback System 729.

Network 702 is preferably the Internet, but could be any implemented inany variety of commonly used architectures, including WAN, LAN, etc.Network Connections 704 are conventional dial-up and/or networkconnections, such as from analog/digital modems, cable modems, satelliteconnections, etc., between any conventional network device and anInternet Service Provider in combination with browser software such asNetscape Navigator, Microsoft Internet Explorer or AOL. In a satellitemedia distribution system implementation, Client Device 712 is asatellite receiver, a TIVO receiver, or the like, and an interface to aservice provider does not require a browser.

Delivery/return path 705 represents a physical or electronic route fordelivering and returning a particular title to/from a subscriber. Again,in a preferred embodiment, the media title is a movie in DVD format thatis shipped in a specialized mailer package by any conventional means toa subscriber, such as U.S. Postal Service, courier, etc. In otherapplications, as noted herein, Delivery/Return path 705 can be anelectronic link (broadband preferably) for delivering content of a mediaitem to a subscriber.

In most applications, Customer Network Device 112 will be typically desktop computers, laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs),cell phones, or some form of broadcast receiver (cable, satellite, DSL).Server Network Device 110 is typically a network server. Of course,other structures and architectures may be more suitable on a case bycase basis for any particular implementation of the present inventions,and so the present inventions are not limited in this respect.

Software elements of the present invention typically will be customtailored for a particular application, but preferably will include somecommon features, including the following.

Operating on System Network Device 720 are the following softwareroutines and/or supporting structures, which implement a form of mediadistribution. First, an Item Search/Selection Module 721, contains alist of media items (i.e., movies, books, CDs, etc.) available on thenetwork organized and searchable by Title, Artist and other attributesas determined by customer popularity, system administrativerequirements, and the like. This module also presents a conventionalquery interface (not shown) to subscribers to allow them to peruse andview information about the media items.

A Media Processing/Shipping Module 722 supports and controls eachsubscriber transaction that takes place within system 700, includingupdating subscriber accounts, updating subscriber queues, etc. inresponse to a subscriber selection of a particular title. Thus, thismodule acts as a form of administrator to coordinate interactions withsubscribers, to show them the status of their accounts, etc. It alsogenerates any appropriate internal directions required to effectuate ashipment of a particular item to a particular subscriber by a shippingdepartment (which may be physically separate from a site at which device720 is located).

A Subscriber Delivery Queue Module 723 controls and updates subscriberdelivery queues in response to subscriber selections, automatic returnand shipping instructions issued by Media Processing Module 722 (such aswhen a tide is returned) and based on a Intelligent Queue Monitor module726 described below.

A Subscriber Profile Module 724 analyzes subscriber inputs, queries,title selections, tide deliveries, etc., and forms a customized interestprofile for each subscriber. This can be done in accordance with theoverall process flow illustrated in FIG. 6, or based on any otherconventional method. This customized subscriber-specific information isin addition, of course, to any other basic customer-specific informationthat may be maintained, such as authorized user names, account numbers,physical addresses, credit card information, etc.

Based on such information in the subscriber profile, a RecommenderModule 725 operates to provide suggestions for additional tides that arelikely to be of interest to the subscriber. These can also be providedwithin a standard query interface presented by Item Selection/Searchmodule 721. Again, a variety of such types of recommender systems arewell-known in the art and can be incorporated within embodiments of thepresent invention. For example, a well-known system is the Cinematchprogram used by Netflix; other acceptable turn-key or custom solutionscould be used. The tide suggestions may be provided while the user isengaged in an interactive session across network 702, or, as explainedabove, even while the user is not connected to Service Device 720. Thebenefit of the latter feature, of course, is that a subscriber deliveryqueue can be updated even without direct ongoing participation by theuser, who may be too busy to engage in a session to locate more tides.In such latter case, the recommendations are solicited by a SubscriberQueue Control module in accordance with user directives and are used bya Queue Control Monitor 726 to replenish/modify/update a subscriberdelivery queue 723.

An Intelligent Queue Monitor module 726 is responsible formonitoring/updating a subscriber delivery queue 723 in accordance withthe directives noted above in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 and performs thefunctions noted in the same. This module coordinates with MediaProcessing System 721, Recommender Module 725 and the modules notedbelow to ensure that a subscriber's wishes concerning a particular titleand queue management are actually performed. This module (oralternatively Feedback Module 729) further causes any appropriateadditional billing module to update a user account and debit any chargeassociated with an automatic recommended/shipped title as noted above.

Subscriber Queue Control Module 727 is responsible for generating theinterfaces noted in FIGS. 1, 2, interacting with a subscriber to obtainsubscriber auto-notice/auto-replenish/auto-ship options, andimplementing other associated functions noted in FIGS. 4 and 5. Thisinformation is passed on and used by Intelligent Queue Monitor module726 to effectuate the actual control of subscriber delivery queues 723,and to Queue Status Notification Module 728 to ensure that such modulealso interacts properly with subscribers.

Queue Status Notification Module 728 is responsible for generating themessage notifications illustrated in FIGS. 3A, 3B (in response tosubscriber queue control information solicited by Intelligent QueueMonitor module 726) and maintaining administrative informationconcerning such notifications in accordance with the directives providedby a user in the interface of FIG. 2, and the overall operation noted inFIG. 4. For instance, it will note when a subscriber has been notifiedand cause a re-notification to be sent if necessary within apredetermined time period.

A Feedback Module 729 coordinates with Queue Status Notification Module728 to notify users in accordance with their queue control selectedoptions. This module also solicits the subscriber feedback noted abovein connection with FIG. 3B, and of course functions to notifyIntelligent Queue Monitor module 726 of user acceptances of titles (orchanges) selected by the latter. This feedback information is alsopassed on to Recommender Module 725 and subscriber profile module 724 sothat the latter can be updated. By capturing this feedback, theRecommender module's 725 performance can be improved and enhanced forlater subscriber recommendations.

A subscriber exchange module 730 helps to implement a subscriberexchange system, described in more detail below in connection with FIG.8. Similarly, an auto-exchange module 731 implements an automatedexchange system for controlling inventory, improving user satisfaction,etc. as detailed below in connection with FIG. 9.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules of thepresent invention, including those illustrated in FIG. 7 can beimplemented using any one of many known programming languages suitablefor creating applications that can run on large scale computing systems,including servers connected to a network (such as the Internet). Thedetails of the specific implementation of the present invention willvary depending on the programming language(s) used to embody the aboveprinciples, and are not material to an understanding of the presentinvention. Furthermore, in some instances, a large portion of thehardware and software of FIG. 7 will be contained locally to asubscriber's receiver, such as in the case of a user receiving mediaitems through direct electronic distribution.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this is not theentire set of software modules that can be used, or an exhaustive listof all operations executed by such modules. It is expected, in fact,that other features will be added by system operators in accordance withcustomer preferences and/or system performance requirements.Furthermore, while not explicitly shown or described herein, the detailsof the various software routines, executable code, etc., required toeffectuate the functionality discussed above in such modules are notmaterial to the present invention, and may be implemented in any numberof ways known to those skilled in the art.

Subscriber Based Exchange/Bidding for Titles

As seen in FIG. 8, another aspect of the present invention concerns anauction or subscriber based exchange system (as noted by referencenumeral 730 in FIG. 7) for allowing subscribers to compete for and/orreserve certain media tides in a form of media title exchange system.For example, to improve service and profitability, a media serviceprovider may elect to place a certain limited number of popular tidesinto a kind of auction/exchange queue. This (optional) function allowssubscribers to improve their chances of seeing a popular but scarcetitle, and can be used either in conjunction with the queue monitoringsystem described above, or as a stand-alone system. Since many Internetusers are familiar with online auction features, there is at least somepercentage of the subscriber base who are likely to find such optioninteresting and useful in their experience with the service provider.

In a strict sense, the present embodiment can be considered an exchangesystem rather than an auction system, because the primary interaction isbased on bids and offers that can be accepted immediately bysubscribers, as opposed to a pure auction system which typically employsa competitive bidding process over a predefined period. Nonetheless, itwill be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present inventioncan use elements of both approaches, and thus be used in both anexchange embodiment, a pure auction embodiment, and mixed embodiments.Thus, as used below, it should be understood that the term “exchange”could be substituted with the term “auction” without deviating from thefocus of the present teachings.

In this particular instance the inducement and cost of participating inthe media tide exchange can be either monetarily based, rights (access)based, service based, or a combination of the same. For example, a “bid”can be paid for by a subscriber with a nominal fee, or in exchange forthat subscriber releasing another popular title from his/her SubscriberSelection Queue 110 back to the service provider or to anothersubscriber as consideration.

In a preferred embodiment, only a subset of the tides is given this typeof treatment, but it will be apparent that the concept could be extendedin embodiments that include inventory that is entirely exchange-driven.Furthermore it will be apparent that in some instances it will bedesirable to have a certain inventory number of the same media titleboth in a regular inventory pool and in an exchange pool. For example,the most current release of an action film may have 10 copies in aregular inventory pool that can be selected by subscribers, and another10 copies in an exchange inventory.

This subset of inventory can be described generally as “exchange items”in that their deployment from the provider to subscribers is primarily(if not exclusively) done on an exchange and/or auction basis. Thisdesignation can be used until such time as the tide essentially losesits cachet as an exchangeable/auctionable item because there isessentially little competition for its use.

Thus, in a first step 810 as shown in FIG. 8, a media service provider(or even a third party monitor) designates a certain set of tides asexchange media items. Thereafter, at step 820 when asubscriber/requester wishes to select a particular title in the set ofexchange media items, the system checks to see if one is available. Anitem may be “available” as a result of there being at least oneuncommited copy of the pool of exchange media items that is notoutstanding in a Titles Out Queue or already in a Subscriber SelectionQueue 110. An item may also be “available” if an existing subscriber hasa copy in a Subscriber Selection Queue 110, and is willing to part withthe same for some negotiable consideration.

If a title is available because it is uncommitted, the requester canelect to reserve the title into his/her Subscriber Selection Queue 110at step 825. Again, a nominal fee and/or additional consideration may berequested from the subscriber as a prerequisite to obtaining the title.In the latter case, the system may require relinquishment of anotherpopular title from Subscriber Selection Queue 110. Other examples willbe apparent to those skilled in the art.

At step 830 if a title is available as a result of at least onesubscriber having a copy in a Subscriber Selection Queue 110 that he/sheis willing to part with, then the requester is given the details of anyreserve/offer information that the copy holder(s) has/have identifiedwith the copy. For example, the holder(s) may indicate that they want acopy of another title in exchange, or a certain number of “credits” fromthe requester. The credits in this case can consist of additionalservices from the service provider, such as a free auto-recommendationtitle provided in accordance with the discussion above, or evenadditional capacity (such as in the form of an additional slot in theirTitles Out Queue 106).

At step 840 the requester can then elect to consummate an exchange witha subscriber for one of the copies in question, by agreeing to the termsoffered by the subscriber. As will be apparent, this process can be doneeither directly at the website through an additional interface, throughan email exchange, or any other suitable method known in the art. Thesystem 700 (FIG. 7) then makes appropriate adjustments of the respectiveSubscriber Selection Queues, account balances, credit balances, etc. atstep 845.

At step 850, if the title is not available, the user is prompted to seeif he/she wishes to place a “bid” for the item to be considered at alater date by the system when a copy does become available. Again, the“offer” in this case can consist of a nominal fee that is preset by thesystem or adjustable by the user, and is collected at step 855. As notedearlier, in lieu of monetary fees, the system can also allow subscribersto bid using various forms of service credits, electronic coupons, etc.Alternatively, the user can be prompted to determine if they are willingto offer an item in their existing queue as consideration. In someinstances, of course, a combination of the same could be used, or otherinducements as well. Furthermore, in some cases a requester can elect tohave email notifications sent to him/her when a copy of a particularexchange item becomes “available” as noted above.

In step 860, persons who have successfully secured a copy of anexchangeable tide can opt to associate an asking bid for the item, ifthey want to participate in an exchange system for the tide. Theparticular details of the asking bid, including any financial component,credit component, or tide exchange component can be provided using anywell-known interface at step 865.

Note that in some instances, as part of step 810, it may be desirable toallow subscribers to “move” items from a regular pool of items to anexchange pool if they are willing to do so. This, again, allows a degreeof flexibility to subscribers to help them acquire tides to theirliking. Such items may be thus be tagged temporarily with an exchangelabel, and/or be permanently identified thereafter by the system asexchange items.

In addition it may be desirable in some instances for system 702 throughExchange Routine 730 (FIG. 7) to monitor the extent and nature ofbarterings/swaps between subscribers to glean additional informationabout their tastes, desires, etc. This exchange data can be used fordetermining inventory requirements (i.e., if a particular title seems tobe in demand), suggesting changes in subscriber account levels (i.e., ifa particular user seems to be needing more capacity), or predictingsuccess/capacity requirements of future titles that may be included ininventory to reduce demand uncertainty. Furthermore, by studying thegeneral form of bids and acceptable offers, the system can learn fromthe collective subscriber base what precisely constitutes an acceptablelevel of inducement that can be offered to secure tides (see below FIG.9).

The routines for implementing the exchange operations as described abovecan be implemented using any conventional software programs and routinesavailable to skilled artisans, and the present invention is not limitedto any specific embodiment thereof. Futhermore, it is expected that suchroutines will vary from computer to computer in actual commercialpractice. To better illustrate the features of the present invention,other aspects of the exchange system have been omitted, and it will beunderstood that such system could include other options, features,entries, etc., that are not specifically shown.

Auto Exchange/Bidding for Tides

In another variation, the service provider can incorporate automaticexchange features, built on the principle of identifying and measuringrelative subscriber interest in particular titles, in addition to or inlieu of the subscriber exchange system of FIG. 8. This process isdepicted generally in FIG. 9 and describes generally the operation of aroutine 731 (FIG. 7).

The exchange system can operate either on an entire inventory of aservice provider, or only a subset. For example, it may be useful toonly actively exchange certain types of popular tides, or only forcertain types of subscribers. In addition, the auto-exchange system canoperate primarily on a tides based driven strategy, or a subscriberbased strategy. In other words, the system can be instructed to workfrom a set of popular tides to re-allocate their deployment in a costeffective, customer friendly fashion. Alternatively (or in addition to)the system can be instructed to identify subscribers who are likely tobe unhappy, frustrated and/or likely to cancel their service as a resultof not obtaining an appropriate number of titles within theirsubscription period.

Thus in FIG. 9 at step 910, assuming tide A is a popular article, theexchange system determines if a first subscriber has title A listed inhis/her Subscriber Selection Queue 110; it also examines what listedranking it is given—in this case, position X.

At step 920, the system determines that a second subscriber also hastitle A listed in his/her Subscriber Selection Queue 110 but in positionY, where Y indicates a much lower priority than X. In other words, fromthese rankings it is apparent that the second subscriber ascribes a muchlower subjective value than the first subscriber in obtaining title A.

At step 930 an access ranking for title A is determined for bothsubscribers. While it is shown in this sequence, again, it will beunderstood that this step could be done during or before steps 910 and920.

The access ranking is derived from the service provider processing therespective requests for this tide in a type of “first to request”fashion (or some other fashion), so that the second subscriber isearmarked to receive tide A before the first subscriber; i.e., thesecond subscriber has a higher access ranking. For example, the secondsubscriber made the request a month ago, while the first subscriber hasjust made their request. The “access ranking” is used herein generallyto refer to the overall priority which a particular user has forobtaining access rights to an item. Thus, as an example, if 100subscribers desire tide A, and no free copy of such title is available,such subscribers could be provided with rankings from 1-100 to designatethe relative priority by which they are to secure eventual access to areturned copy of such title. In some instances the positions provided bythe subscribers for the tides may be ignored in favor of only looking atthe access rankings. Other variations are equally useable with thepresent invention, and it is by no means limited in this respect.

Thus, at step 940, an automatic exchange system of the present inventionmonitors such occurrences and provides a notification/alert to thesecond subscriber indicating the potential for “swapping” accessrankings.

At step 945, assuming the first subscriber is willing to provideconsideration to the second subscriber in exchange for the improvementin access ranking rights, the swap is consummated, and the system wouldthen update the respective queues of the two subscribers.

In another variation, in lieu of a second subscriber engaging with thefirst subscriber at step 940 (or in addition to), the automatic exchangesystem would instead step in and barter for the parties at step 960.This would be done, for example, as part of an inventory managementoperation, such as if the system determined that the second subscriberhas a significantly longer turnover time than the first subscriber. Inother words, the system can do a primitive form of “capacity” planningby determining demand and allocating the resource (a tide) in a moreefficient matter so that it can be enjoyed by the greatest number ofsubscribers. For example, if subscriber #2 keeps movies out twice aslong as subscribers #1 and #3, the overall customer satisfaction factorcan be improved by providing the copy in question to subscribers #1 and#3 during a time period in which otherwise only subscriber #2 wouldreceive the copy. The system would provide various staged inducementsautomatically to the second subscriber, in a manner akin to that used byairlines to convince fliers to give up their seats when they haveoverbooked a particular flight.

In another approach, and as noted earlier, the system can operate from asubscriber perspective to identify potential customer problems caused bya stock-out situation. Thus, the system may consider if the titles in aparticular first subscriber selection queue are all designated as “longwait,” meaning that the first subscriber is unlikely to receive anactual title anytime soon. In such instances the system may elect toincrease an inducement to another second subscriber (who may have titlesout) to ensure that the first subscriber does not become frustrated ordisenchanted with the service provider. In general, from a customersatisfaction perspective, it is desirable to always have at least onetide of interest in the possession of the customer, and to reducestock-out of particular tides for such customer. By identifyingpotential “weak points” the system can preempt and reduce customerdefections by preventing stock-out.

For example, the system may first offer a free autorecommendation“credit” to the second subscriber in exchange for swapping (or giving upentirely) their access ranking. In other instances, an additional slotin a Titles Out Queue may be provided, to give the subscriber anopportunity to have more tiles out at a time for a limited period. Thelevel of inducements could be tied directly to the access ranking thatthe first subscriber has for the particular title. Thus, if thesubscriber is about to receive the tide because he/she is next in lineand a copy is available, this access right has higher value than a laterin time access ranking. In some instances the subscriber may in fact nolonger care about the tide, because they have changed their mind,already seen the selection, or prefer to receive service creditsinstead. By giving them an opportunity to barter in essence with theautomatic exchange system, overall user satisfaction can be increasedbecause more subscribers are getting what they want. In other instancesthe degree of inducement could be a function of the relative status ofsubscriber #1 and subscriber #2, so that, again, higher service clientsand/or are exceptionally quick turn-around clients may be the subject oflarger inducements.

Again, as noted earlier, by observing the behavior and bargainsconsummated by the subscribers on their own for particular tides, asystem can learn and identify what types of offers are likely to beacceptable to induce a particular subscriber to release a particulartide. In some embodiments, an auto-exchange system may in fact announce(at the service provider web site, or through emails) that it isoffering capacity slots (i.e., additional slots int the Tides Out Queue)to subscribers in exchange for relinquishing a particular tide fromtheir rental selection queue. In some cases the consideration can beprovided to any persons who also physically “return” a copy of suchtide. The return could be conditionally credited even before the tide isreturned, in some cases, by the subscriber identifying that the tide hasbeen mailed back. The credit could then become final upon confirmationof receipt of the tide from the subscriber. Again, other alternativeswill be apparent from the present teachings.

If the second subscriber accepts the inducement, the access rankings forthe tides are swapped, and their queues are updated, as seen in step945. If the second subscriber does not accept, the system can simplyquit, or look for another possible third subscriber who presents areasonable match for the first subscriber. An additional confirmationcould be sent to both subscribers, as well. This feature has the benefitof seamlessly and transparently improving a subscriber's choices in amanner that is likely to be appealing to “prompt” customers, while stillbeing acceptable and fair to less responsive or timely customers.

It can be seen that this aspect of the invention provides a form ofrevenue sharing at the subscriber level, to complement any additionalnormal revenue sharing that is embodied in the original purchase of themedia item from the supplier. By determining a potential “cost”associated with obtaining a title from a first subscriber, and comparingit to a potential “benefit” from a second subscriber, the presentinvention can identify useful exchange points and maximize an overallprofitability for the service provider.

In other instances, the level of inducement may reach so far as to(temporarily) provide the second subscriber with an additional “slot” intheir Titles Out Queue in exchange for a popular title desired by afirst subscriber. In other words, the cost to a service provider ingranting another Titles Out Queue slot (temporarily) to one subscriberis, in most cases, much less than that of a losing another subscriber.

Alternatively the system could allow a situation in which twosubscribers could even agree to a similar deal; i.e., that they canexchange capacity by (temporarily) adding one slot in a firstsubscriber's Titles Out Queue at the expense of a slot in acorresponding queue of a second subscriber. This may be attractive tothose subscribers who do not typically use all of their shippingcapacity, and do not need more than a limited number of titles at atime, and conversely to those subscribers who may temporarily wish toreceive an additional title beyond their normal rate structure.

Based on the above teachings, other variations of exchanges,inducements, etc., will be gleaned by skilled artisans. Again, theauto-exchange system may be used of FIG. 9 can be used in paired withexchange system 800, used in conjunction with the queue monitoringsystem described above, used as a stand-alone system, etc.

The routines for implementing the automatic exchange operations asdescribed above can be implemented using any conventional softwareprograms and routines available to skilled artisans, and the presentinvention is not limited to any specific embodiment thereof. Futhermore,it is expected that such routines will vary from computer to computer inactual commercial practice. To better illustrate the features of thepresent invention, other aspects of the exchange system have beenomitted, and it will be understood that such system could include otheroptions, features, entries, etc., that are not specifically shown.

Variations of the Invention

In other related embodiments of the present invention, the queuemonitoring logic will be part of a separate web site, and operated by anentity separate from the service provider and the subscriber's selectionand delivery queues. In other words, a subscriber to a media providermay pay a separate service provider for the privilege of having thelatter monitor a delivery queue. This concept is used, for example, inother Internet related service applications, such as in the case ofAuctionSniper (or Bidnapper), which, as is well-known, assists buyers onEBay to secure auctions. Thus, a subscriber to a media provider wouldsimply provide the pertinent details of their account to a monitoringservice provider, and the latter would effectuate the steps aboveautomatically on behalf of the subscriber on a periodic basis, or someother basis. Again, these third parties could collect a monthly flatfee, and/or additional fees depending on the number of titles actually“reserved” or shipped on behalf of the subscriber. The benefits of suchthird party services, of course, is that they can be better tailored bythe subscriber to obtain desirable selections from a particular mediaprovider, because the latter may not be economically incentivized tomaximize the number and quality of selections provided to an individualsubscriber. Moreover in many instances such third party services arebetter suited for aggregating collective needs of subscribers andresponding to the same, because they are not limited to a single serviceprovider. In other words, a single queue monitor system could servicemultiple online service providers, thus allowing its users to benefitfrom a larger population of preference and interest data.

In other applications of the invention, a similar monitoring systemcould be employed in other online service provider environments. Forexample, for electronic auction sites, a queue monitor and recommendersystem could cooperate to locate additional items of interest to abuyer, based on prior purchases, or based on other items already locatedin a so-called “auction watch” type tool set up by the subscriber. Such“watch” queues are used, for example, on Ebay. The user could then be(optionally) notified by email that the additional item has been addedto his/her auction watch. When the user returns for a subsequent onlinesession, the newly added auction items could be highlighted, forexample, to draw his/her attention to the new item. Again, the queuemanagement could be set up based on various threshold options, such aswhether the system has located another item of interest, or if theuser's auction watch no longer has items (because the auctions haveexpired). Thus, a queue monitoring system can work behind the scenes forusers of auction systems as well, and further enhance value of suchservices.

As alluded to earlier, the invention has application in actual retailenvironments as well, particularly in cases where media is sold on asimilar basis—i.e., a fixed number of items for a flat fee per period.Again, these are but examples, and other applications of the inventionwill be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Furthermore, while the media items in the present instance represent oneformat in which a movie can be distributed, it will be apparent thatother distribution schemes can be used as well. For instance, a moviemay be distributed by a satellite channel, and/or a broadband channel toa receiver. In the latter cases, the Subscriber Selection Queue 110, theTitles Out Queue 106 (and several other hardware and software modules ofFIG. 7) may be located physically on a home receiver/player owned/rentedby the subscriber. For example, a service offered by DirecTV and Tivoallows users to “rent” movies temporarily from a pay-per-view menu,and/or to record the same on a fixed storage system at the user'sfacility. These organizations could also offer a service similar to thatoffered by online DVD rental providers by charging a flat monthly ratefor unlimited selections. While the issue of capacity (in the Titles OutQueue) may be somewhat irrelevant in some such environments (because thesubscriber's hard drive can store a significant number of titles, andthere is little delay in receiving the title) the present inventioncould similarly operate to review a subscriber's selection queue, makerecommendations, and replenish a Subscriber Selection Queue withsuggestions. Furthermore, in some cases, a subscriber's receiver may belimited to a certain number of movies, in a manner akin to the TitlesOut Queue concept. The only difference, of course, is that these titlesare typically delivered in accordance with a predetermined timeschedule, as opposed to an on-demand type system, and there is no“return” required per se. When a subscriber has seen one of the moviesin his/her Titles Out Queue (or analog thereof) the system gives thesubscriber the option of “returning” the title (by deleting it forexample) and receiving another one in its place. While the Tivo servicepresently does perform some auto-recommendation functions (such asautomatically recording programs) it does not do so in the context ofprogramming that must be paid for, (such as pay-per-view items) and doesnot restrict a user's recording of movie titles (i.e. to a certainpredefined limit). Thus the systems and methods of the present inventioncan be easily applied to such movie distribution environments as well.

The above descriptions are intended as merely illustrative embodimentsof the proposed inventions. It is understood that the protectionafforded the present invention also comprehends and extends toembodiments different from those above, but which fall within the scopeof the present claims.

1. A method of electronically notifying a subscriber to a contentprovider of activity in a subscriber rental queue associated with thesubscriber, including the steps of: a. defining a set of notificationrules for the subscriber rental queue, which notification rules areauthorized by the subscriber; b. monitoring the subscriber rental queuewith a computer in accordance with said set of notification rules and aseparate set of queue replenishment control rules authorized by thesubscriber so that said computer can determine if a composition shouldbe altered through additions of playable media titles and/or ordering ofplayable media titles in the subscriber rental queue should be altered;c. sending an electronic notification to the subscriber with saidcomputer in response to an affirmative determination under step (b) thatsuch notification is necessary based on said set of notification rules;wherein said set of notification rules and/or set of queue replenishmentcontrol rules include a user configurable option with a first choice toautomatically trigger a modification of the subscriber rental queue, anda second choice which does not trigger a modification of the subscriberrental queue; further comprising said subscriber selecting one of saidfirst choice or second choice to automatically trigger or not trigger amodification to said subscriber rental queue.
 2. The method of claim 1,wherein the subscriber rental queue is automatically modified inaccordance with said separate set of queue replenishment control rulesafter a predefined time delay.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein saidnotification includes embedded uniform resource links (URLs) or anelectronic response field adapted to permit the subscriber to acceptand/or modify any proposed alterations of the subscriber rental queue.4. The method of claim 1, wherein said queue replenishment control rulesalso include a trigger event relating to the existence of new contentdetermined automatically to be of potential interest to the subscriberto be used in determining when said subscriber rental queue should bemodified.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein any proposed altering ofsaid composition and/or ordering of playable media titles in thesubscriber rental queue is automatically determined by a recommendersystem controlled by the content provider, which recommender systemautomatically identifies playable media items of interest to thesubscriber based on a subscriber item preference profile.
 6. The methodof claim 5, further including a step of: processing an item ratingsurvey provided by the subscriber to determine a subscriber itempreference profile suitable for use by said recommender system.
 7. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the subscriber can elect to receive nonotification even when a composition and/or ordering of playable mediatitles in the subscriber rental queue are altered.
 8. The method ofclaim 1, wherein said playable media titles are movies distributed by asatellite transmission to a satellite signal receiver.
 9. The method ofclaim 1, wherein said playable media titles are movies distributed on aDVD.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said playable media titles aremovies distributed by a broadband Internet-based connection.
 11. Themethod of claim 1, wherein said notification includes an indication of astatus of the subscriber rental queue.
 12. The method of claim 1,wherein said notification includes an identification of an additionalplayable media item which is being added to the subscriber rental queue.13. A method of electronically notifying a subscriber to a contentprovider of activity in a subscriber rental queue associated with thesubscriber, including the steps of: a. defining a set of notificationrules for the subscriber rental queue, which notification rules areauthorized by the subscriber; b. monitoring the subscriber rental queuewith a computer in accordance with said set of notification rules and aseparate set of queue replenishment control rules authorized by thesubscriber so that said computer can determine if a composition of suchrental queue should be altered through additions of playable mediatitles and/or ordering of playable media titles in the subscriber rentalqueue should be altered; wherein said queue replenishment control rulesinclude a trigger event to be used in determining when said subscriberrental queue should be modified, and said trigger event is based on aquantity of playable media items remaining in the subscriber rentalqueue; c. providing a recommender system configured to providerecommendations for playable media titles; d. sending an electronicnotification to the subscriber with said computer in response to anaffirmative determination under step (b) that such notification isnecessary based on said set of notification rules; e. causing saidrecommender system to interact with the subscriber and provide aplayable media title recommendation in response to user input providedwithin a response to said electronic notification; f. adding a playablemedia title recommendation to said subscriber rental queue in responseto subscriber input to said recommender system.
 14. The method of claim13, wherein said notification specifies that the subscriber rental queuewill be automatically modified in accordance with said separate set ofqueue replenishment control rules.
 15. The method of claim 13, furtherincluding a step of: receiving subscriber feedback concerning aperformance of the content provider concerning selection of anadditional playable media item.
 16. The method of claim 13, wherein saidtrigger event is based on said quantity of playable media items beingequal to zero indicating that said subscriber rental queue is empty. 17.The method of claim 13, wherein said trigger event is based on andcontrolled by a numerical value provided by said subscriber for saidquantity of said quantity of playable media remaining in the subscriberrental queue.
 18. The method of claim 13, wherein said electronicnotification includes information indicating said quantity of playablemedia items remaining in the subscriber rental queue.
 19. The method ofclaim 13, wherein said electronic notification further providesrecommendations on newly released playable media items for saidsubscriber.
 20. The method of claim 13, wherein said electronicnotification further provides recommendations on playable media itemsbased on genre selections made by said subscriber.
 21. The method ofclaim 13, wherein additional electronic notifications are sent untilsaid subscriber replenishes said subscriber rental queue to contain aquantity of playable media items exceeding a specified threshold. 22.The method of claim 13 wherein said electronic notification includes anembedded uniform resource locator (URL) or an electronic response fieldassociated with a first playable media item which when selected by saidsubscriber causes said playable media item to be moved to saidsubscriber rental queue.
 23. A method of electronically notifying asubscriber to a content provider of activity in a subscriber rentalqueue associated with the subscriber, including the steps of: a)defining a set of notification rules for the subscriber rental queue,which notification rules are authorized by the subscriber; b) monitoringthe subscriber rental queue with a computer in accordance with said setof notification rules and a separate set of queue replenishment controlrules authorized by the subscriber so that said computer can determineif a composition and/or ordering of playable media titles in thesubscriber rental queue should be altered; c) sending an electronicnotification to the subscriber with said computer in response to anaffirmative determination under step (b) that such notification isnecessary based on said set of notification rules; wherein saidnotification provides directions for the subscriber to accept and/ormodify any proposed alterations of the subscriber rental queue; furthercomprising said subscriber accepting and/or modifying said proposedalteration based on said directions.
 24. The method of claim 23, whereinsaid directions cause any proposed alterations of the subscriber rentalqueue to take effect automatically after a predetermined period.
 25. Themethod of claim 23, further including a second electronic notificationto the subscriber which confirms any subscriber action taken in responseto said electronic notification.
 26. The method of claim 23 wherein saidnotification further includes an embedded uniform resource locator (URL)or an electronic response field to solicit a feedback rating from thesubscriber for a playable media title identified in said notification.27. A method of electronically notifying a subscriber to a contentprovider of activity in a subscriber rental queue associated with thesubscriber, including the steps of: a) defining a set of notificationrules for the subscriber rental queue, which notification rules areauthorized by the subscriber; b) monitoring the subscriber rental queuewith a computer in accordance with said set of notification rules and aseparate set of queue replenishment control rules authorized by thesubscriber so that said computer can determine if a composition and/orordering of playable media titles in the subscriber rental queue shouldbe altered; c) sending an electronic notification to the subscriber withsaid computer in response to an affirmative determination under step (b)that such notification is necessary based on said set of notificationrules; wherein said notification includes both an identification of anadditional playable media item which is being proposed to be added tothe subscriber rental queue at the end of a first time period as well asselectable feedback options adapted to respond to such proposedaddition; d) further comprising: 1) adding said additional playablemedia item to said subscriber rental queue when said subscriber does notelect to cancel such proposed addition with said selectable feedbackoptions within said time period specified in said notification; and 2)not adding said additional playable media item to said subscriber rentalqueue when an election is made to cancel by the subscriber to cancelsuch proposed addition with said selectable feedback options within saidtime period specified in said notification.
 28. The method of claim 27wherein said additional playable media item is automatically selectedfor the subscriber by a recommendation engine.
 29. The method of claim27 wherein said notification indicates that the additional playablemedia item is being added to a top position in the subscriber rentalqueue.
 30. The method of claim 27 wherein said additional playable mediaitem is a DVD offered by an Internet based rental service.